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                <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"> Python爬虫进阶四之PySpider的用法 </h1>
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                    <time title="创建时间：2016-03-26 02:32:36" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2016-03-26T02:32:36+08:00">2016-03-26</time>
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                <h2 id="审时度势"><a href="#审时度势" class="headerlink" title="审时度势"></a>审时度势</h2>
                <p>PySpider 是一个我个人认为非常方便并且功能强大的爬虫框架，支持多线程爬取、JS动态解析，提供了可操作界面、出错重试、定时爬取等等的功能，使用非常人性化。 本篇内容通过跟我做一个好玩的 PySpider 项目，来理解 PySpider 的运行流程。</p>
                <h2 id="招兵买马"><a href="#招兵买马" class="headerlink" title="招兵买马"></a>招兵买马</h2>
                <p>具体的安装过程请查看本节讲述 <a href="http://cuiqingcai.com/2443.html">安装</a> 嗯，安装好了之后就与我大干一番吧。</p>
                <h2 id="鸿鹄之志"><a href="#鸿鹄之志" class="headerlink" title="鸿鹄之志"></a>鸿鹄之志</h2>
                <p>我之前写过的一篇文章 <a href="http://cuiqingcai.com/1001.html">抓取淘宝MM照片</a> 由于网页改版，爬取过程中需要的 URL 需要 JS 动态解析生成，所以之前用的 urllib2 不能继续使用了，在这里我们利用 PySpider 重新实现一下。 所以现在我们需要做的是抓取淘宝MM的个人信息和图片存储到本地。</p>
                <h2 id="审时度势-1"><a href="#审时度势-1" class="headerlink" title="审时度势"></a>审时度势</h2>
                <p>爬取目标网站：<a href="https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm?page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm?page=1</a>，大家打开之后可以看到许多淘宝MM的列表。 列表有多少？ <a href="https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm?page=10000" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm?page=10000</a>，第10000页都有，看你想要多少。我什么也不知道。 随机点击一位 MM 的姓名，可以看到她的基本资料。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-4@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-4@2x-1024x750.png" alt="QQ20160326-4@2x"></a> 可以看到图中有一个个性域名，我们复制到浏览器打开。<a href="https://mm.taobao.com/tyy6160" target="_blank" rel="noopener">mm.taobao.com/tyy6160</a> <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-5@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-5@2x-1024x576.png" alt="QQ20160326-5@2x"></a> 嗯，往下拖，海量的 MM 图片都在这里了，怎么办你懂得，我们要把她们的照片和个人信息都存下来。 <strong>P.S. 注意图中进度条！你猜有多少图片～</strong></p>
                <h2 id="利剑出鞘"><a href="#利剑出鞘" class="headerlink" title="利剑出鞘"></a>利剑出鞘</h2>
                <p>安装成功之后，跟我一步步地完成一个网站的抓取，你就会明白 PySpider 的基本用法了。 命令行下执行</p>
                <figure class="highlight ada">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">pyspider <span class="keyword">all</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>这句命令的意思是，运行 pyspider 并 启动它的所有组件。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/E6632A0A-9067-4B97-93A2-5DEF23FB4CD8.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/E6632A0A-9067-4B97-93A2-5DEF23FB4CD8-1024x658.jpg" alt="E6632A0A-9067-4B97-93A2-5DEF23FB4CD8"></a> 可以发现程序已经正常启动，并在 5000 这个端口运行。</p>
                <h2 id="一触即发"><a href="#一触即发" class="headerlink" title="一触即发"></a>一触即发</h2>
                <p>接下来在浏览器中输入 <a href="http://localhost:5000" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://localhost:5000</a>，可以看到 PySpider 的主界面，点击右下角的 Create，命名为 taobaomm，当然名称你可以随意取，继续点击 Create。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-0@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-0@2x-1024x397.png" alt="QQ20160325-0@2x"></a> 这样我们会进入到一个爬取操作的页面。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-1@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-1@2x-1024x592.png" alt="QQ20160325-1@2x"></a> 整个页面分为两栏，左边是爬取页面预览区域，右边是代码编写区域。下面对区块进行说明： 左侧绿色区域：这个请求对应的 JSON 变量，在 PySpider 中，其实每个请求都有与之对应的 JSON 变量，包括回调函数，方法名，请求链接，请求数据等等。 绿色区域右上角Run：点击右上角的 run 按钮，就会执行这个请求，可以在左边的白色区域出现请求的结果。 左侧 enable css selector helper: 抓取页面之后，点击此按钮，可以方便地获取页面中某个元素的 CSS 选择器。 左侧 web: 即抓取的页面的实时预览图。 左侧 html: 抓取页面的 HTML 代码。 左侧 follows: 如果当前抓取方法中又新建了爬取请求，那么接下来的请求就会出现在 follows 里。 左侧 messages: 爬取过程中输出的一些信息。 右侧代码区域: 你可以在右侧区域书写代码，并点击右上角的 Save 按钮保存。 右侧 WebDAV Mode: 打开调试模式，左侧最大化，便于观察调试。</p>
                <h2 id="乘胜追击"><a href="#乘胜追击" class="headerlink" title="乘胜追击"></a>乘胜追击</h2>
                <p>依然是上一节的那个网址，<a href="https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm?page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm?page=1</a>，其中 page 参数代表页码。所以我们暂时抓取前 30 页。页码到最后可以随意调整。 首先我们定义基地址，然后定义爬取的页码和总页码。</p>
                <figure class="highlight ruby">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">from pyspider.libs.base_handler import *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Handler</span>(<span class="title">BaseHandler</span>):</span></span><br><span class="line">    crawl_config = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.base_url = <span class="string">'https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm?page='</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.page_num = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.total_num = <span class="number">30</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    @every(minutes=<span class="number">24</span> * <span class="number">60</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">on_start</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="keyword">self</span>.page_num &lt;= <span class="keyword">self</span>.<span class="symbol">total_num:</span></span><br><span class="line">            url = <span class="keyword">self</span>.base_url + str(<span class="keyword">self</span>.page_num)</span><br><span class="line">            print url</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(url, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.index_page)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.page_num += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    @config(age=<span class="number">10</span> * <span class="number">24</span> * <span class="number">60</span> * <span class="number">60</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">index_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> each <span class="keyword">in</span> response.doc(<span class="string">'a[href^="http"]'</span>).items()<span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(each.attr.href, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.detail_page)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    @config(priority=<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">detail_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="string">"url"</span>: response.url,</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="string">"title"</span>: response.doc(<span class="string">'title'</span>).text(),</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>点击 save 保存代码，然后点击左边的 run，运行代码。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-2@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-2@2x-1024x597.png" alt="QQ20160325-2@2x"></a> 运行后我们会发现 follows 出现了 30 这个数字，说明我们接下来有 30 个新请求，点击可查看所有爬取列表。另外控制台也有输出，将所有要爬取的 URL 打印了出来。 然后我们点击左侧任意一个绿色箭头，可以继续爬取这个页面。例如点击第一个 URL，来爬取这个 URL <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-3@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-3@2x-1024x347.png" alt="QQ20160325-3@2x"></a> 点击之后，再查看下方的 web 页面，可以预览实时页面，这个页面被我们爬取了下来，并且回调到 index_page 函数来处理，目前 index_page 函数我们还没有处理，所以是继续构件了所有的链接请求。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-4@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-4@2x-949x1024.png" alt="QQ20160325-4@2x"></a> 好，接下来我们怎么办？当然是进入到 MM 到个人页面去爬取了。</p>
                <h2 id="如火如荼"><a href="#如火如荼" class="headerlink" title="如火如荼"></a>如火如荼</h2>
                <p>爬取到了 MM 的列表，接下来就要进入到 MM 详情页了，修改 index_page 方法。</p>
                <figure class="highlight ruby">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">index_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">for</span> each <span class="keyword">in</span> response.doc(<span class="string">'.lady-name'</span>).items()<span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(each.attr.href, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.detail_page)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>其中 response 就是刚才爬取的列表页，response 其实就相当于列表页的 html 代码，利用 doc 函数，其实是调用了 PyQuery，用 CSS 选择器得到每一个MM的链接，然后重新发起新的请求。 比如，我们这里拿到的 each.attr.href 可能是 <a href="http://mm.taobao.com/self/model_card.htm?user_id=687471686" target="_blank" rel="noopener">mm.taobao.com/self/model_card.htm?user_id=687471686</a>，在这里继续调用了 crawl 方法，代表继续抓取这个链接的详情。</p>
                <figure class="highlight oxygene">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(<span class="keyword">each</span>.attr.href, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.detail_page)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>然后回调函数就是 detail_page，爬取的结果会作为 response 变量传过去。detail_page 接到这个变量继续下面的分析。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-7@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-7@2x-1024x620.png" alt="QQ20160325-7@2x"></a> 好，我们继续点击 run 按钮，开始下一个页面的爬取。得到的结果是这样的。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-5@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-5@2x-864x1024.png" alt="QQ20160325-5@2x"></a> 哦，有些页面没有加载出来，这是为什么？ 在之前的文章说过，这个页面比较特殊，右边的页面使用 JS 渲染生成的，而普通的抓取是不能得到 JS 渲染后的页面的，这可麻烦了。 然而，幸运的是，PySpider 提供了动态解析 JS 的机制。 友情提示：可能有的小伙伴不知道 PhantomJS，可以参考 <a href="http://cuiqingcai.com/2599.html">爬虫JS动态解析</a> 因为我们在前面装好了 PhantomJS，所以，这时候就轮到它来出场了。在最开始运行 PySpider 的时候，使用了<code>pyspider all</code>命令，这个命令是把 PySpider 所有的组件启动起来，其中也包括 PhantomJS。 所以我们代码怎么改呢？很简单。</p>
                <figure class="highlight ruby">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">index_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">for</span> each <span class="keyword">in</span> response.doc(<span class="string">'.lady-name'</span>).items()<span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(each.attr.href, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.detail_page, fetch_type=<span class="string">'js'</span>)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>只是简单地加了一个 fetch_type=’js’，点击绿色的返回箭头，重新运行一下。 可以发现，页面已经被我们成功加载出来了，简直不能更帅！ <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-9@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160325-9@2x-1004x1024.png" alt="QQ20160325-9@2x"></a> 看下面的个性域名，所有我们需要的 MM 图片都在那里面了，所以我们需要继续抓取这个页面。</p>
                <h2 id="胜利在望"><a href="#胜利在望" class="headerlink" title="胜利在望"></a>胜利在望</h2>
                <p>好，继续修改 detail_page 方法，然后增加一个 domain_page 方法，用来处理每个 MM 的个性域名。</p>
                <figure class="highlight ruby">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">detail_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">    domain = <span class="string">'https:'</span> + response.doc(<span class="string">'.mm-p-domain-info li &gt; span'</span>).text()</span><br><span class="line">    print domain</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(domain, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.domain_page)</span><br><span class="line">                </span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">domain_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">    pass</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>好，继续重新 run，预览一下页面，终于，我们看到了 MM 的所有图片。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-0@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-0@2x-1024x546.png" alt="QQ20160326-0@2x"></a> 嗯，你懂得！</p>
                <h2 id="只欠东风"><a href="#只欠东风" class="headerlink" title="只欠东风"></a>只欠东风</h2>
                <p>好，照片都有了，那么我们就偷偷地下载下来吧～ 完善 domain_page 代码，实现保存简介和遍历保存图片的方法。 在这里，PySpider 有一个特点，所有的 request 都会保存到一个队列中，并具有去重和自动重试机制。所以，我们最好的解决方法是，把每张图片的请求都写成一个 request，然后成功后用文件写入即可，这样会避免图片加载不全的问题。 曾经在之前文章写过图片下载和文件夹创建的过程，在这里就不多赘述原理了，直接上写好的工具类，后面会有完整代码。</p>
                <figure class="highlight ruby">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">import os</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Deal</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.path = DIR_PATH</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="keyword">self</span>.path.endswith(<span class="string">'/'</span>)<span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.path = <span class="keyword">self</span>.path + <span class="string">'/'</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> os.path.exists(<span class="keyword">self</span>.path)<span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">            os.makedirs(<span class="keyword">self</span>.path)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">mkDir</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, path)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        path = path.strip()</span><br><span class="line">        dir_path = <span class="keyword">self</span>.path + path</span><br><span class="line">        exists = os.path.exists(dir_path)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="symbol">exists:</span></span><br><span class="line">            os.makedirs(dir_path)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> dir_path</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="symbol">else:</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> dir_path</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">saveImg</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, content, path)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        f = open(path, <span class="string">'wb'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        f.write(content)</span><br><span class="line">        f.close()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">saveBrief</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, content, dir_path, name)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        file_name = dir_path + <span class="string">"/"</span> + name + <span class="string">".txt"</span></span><br><span class="line">        f = open(file_name, <span class="string">"w+"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        f.write(content.encode(<span class="string">'utf-8'</span>))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">getExtension</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, url)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        extension = url.split(<span class="string">'.'</span>)[-<span class="number">1</span>]</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> extension</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>这里面包含了四个方法。</p>
                <blockquote>
                  <p>mkDir：创建文件夹，用来创建 MM 名字对应的文件夹。 saveBrief: 保存简介，保存 MM 的文字简介。 saveImg: 传入图片二进制流以及保存路径，存储图片。 getExtension: 获得链接的后缀名，通过图片 URL 获得。</p>
                </blockquote>
                <p>然后在 domain_page 中具体实现如下</p>
                <figure class="highlight ruby">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">domain_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">    name = response.doc(<span class="string">'.mm-p-model-info-left-top dd &gt; a'</span>).text()</span><br><span class="line">    dir_path = <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal.mkDir(name)</span><br><span class="line">    brief = response.doc(<span class="string">'.mm-aixiu-content'</span>).text()</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="symbol">dir_path:</span></span><br><span class="line">        imgs = response.doc(<span class="string">'.mm-aixiu-content img'</span>).items()</span><br><span class="line">        count = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal.saveBrief(brief, dir_path, name)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> img <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="symbol">imgs:</span></span><br><span class="line">            url = img.attr.src</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="symbol">url:</span></span><br><span class="line">                extension = <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal.getExtension(url)</span><br><span class="line">                file_name = name + str(count) + <span class="string">'.'</span> + extension</span><br><span class="line">                count += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(img.attr.src, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.save_img,</span><br><span class="line">                           save=&#123;<span class="string">'dir_path'</span>: dir_path, <span class="string">'file_name'</span>: file_name&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">save_img</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">    content = response.content</span><br><span class="line">    dir_path = response.save[<span class="string">'dir_path'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    file_name = response.save[<span class="string">'file_name'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    file_path = dir_path + <span class="string">'/'</span> + file_name</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal.saveImg(content, file_path)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>以上方法首先获取了页面的所有文字，然后调用了 saveBrief 方法存储简介。 然后遍历了 MM 所有的图片，并通过链接获取后缀名，和 MM 的姓名以及自增计数组合成一个新的文件名，调用 saveImg 方法保存图片。</p>
                <h2 id="炉火纯青"><a href="#炉火纯青" class="headerlink" title="炉火纯青"></a>炉火纯青</h2>
                <p>好，基本的东西都写好了。 接下来。继续完善一下代码。第一版本完成。 <strong>版本一功能：按照淘宝MM姓名分文件夹，存储MM的 txt 文本简介以及所有美图至本地。</strong> 可配置项：</p>
                <blockquote>
                  <ul>
                    <li>PAGE_START: 列表开始页码</li>
                    <li>PAGE_END: 列表结束页码</li>
                    <li>DIR_PATH: 资源保存路径</li>
                  </ul>
                </blockquote>
                <figure class="highlight ruby">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#!/usr/bin/env python</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Created on 2016-03-25 00:59:45</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Project: taobaomm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">from pyspider.libs.base_handler import *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">PAGE_START = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">PAGE_END = <span class="number">30</span></span><br><span class="line">DIR_PATH = <span class="string">'/var/py/mm'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Handler</span>(<span class="title">BaseHandler</span>):</span></span><br><span class="line">    crawl_config = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.base_url = <span class="string">'https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm?page='</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.page_num = PAGE_START</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.total_num = PAGE_END</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal = Deal()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">on_start</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="keyword">self</span>.page_num &lt;= <span class="keyword">self</span>.<span class="symbol">total_num:</span></span><br><span class="line">            url = <span class="keyword">self</span>.base_url + str(<span class="keyword">self</span>.page_num)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(url, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.index_page)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.page_num += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">index_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> each <span class="keyword">in</span> response.doc(<span class="string">'.lady-name'</span>).items()<span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(each.attr.href, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.detail_page, fetch_type=<span class="string">'js'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">detail_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        domain = response.doc(<span class="string">'.mm-p-domain-info li &gt; span'</span>).text()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="symbol">domain:</span></span><br><span class="line">            page_url = <span class="string">'https:'</span> + domain</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(page_url, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.domain_page)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">domain_page</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        name = response.doc(<span class="string">'.mm-p-model-info-left-top dd &gt; a'</span>).text()</span><br><span class="line">        dir_path = <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal.mkDir(name)</span><br><span class="line">        brief = response.doc(<span class="string">'.mm-aixiu-content'</span>).text()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="symbol">dir_path:</span></span><br><span class="line">            imgs = response.doc(<span class="string">'.mm-aixiu-content img'</span>).items()</span><br><span class="line">            count = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal.saveBrief(brief, dir_path, name)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">for</span> img <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="symbol">imgs:</span></span><br><span class="line">                url = img.attr.src</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="symbol">url:</span></span><br><span class="line">                    extension = <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal.getExtension(url)</span><br><span class="line">                    file_name = name + str(count) + <span class="string">'.'</span> + extension</span><br><span class="line">                    count += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                    <span class="keyword">self</span>.crawl(img.attr.src, callback=<span class="keyword">self</span>.save_img,</span><br><span class="line">                               save=&#123;<span class="string">'dir_path'</span>: dir_path, <span class="string">'file_name'</span>: file_name&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">save_img</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, response)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        content = response.content</span><br><span class="line">        dir_path = response.save[<span class="string">'dir_path'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">        file_name = response.save[<span class="string">'file_name'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">        file_path = dir_path + <span class="string">'/'</span> + file_name</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.deal.saveImg(content, file_path)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">import os</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Deal</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">self</span>.path = DIR_PATH</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="keyword">self</span>.path.endswith(<span class="string">'/'</span>)<span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">self</span>.path = <span class="keyword">self</span>.path + <span class="string">'/'</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> os.path.exists(<span class="keyword">self</span>.path)<span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">            os.makedirs(<span class="keyword">self</span>.path)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">mkDir</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, path)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        path = path.strip()</span><br><span class="line">        dir_path = <span class="keyword">self</span>.path + path</span><br><span class="line">        exists = os.path.exists(dir_path)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="symbol">exists:</span></span><br><span class="line">            os.makedirs(dir_path)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> dir_path</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="symbol">else:</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> dir_path</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">saveImg</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, content, path)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        f = open(path, <span class="string">'wb'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        f.write(content)</span><br><span class="line">        f.close()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">saveBrief</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, content, dir_path, name)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        file_name = dir_path + <span class="string">"/"</span> + name + <span class="string">".txt"</span></span><br><span class="line">        f = open(file_name, <span class="string">"w+"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        f.write(content.encode(<span class="string">'utf-8'</span>))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">getExtension</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">self</span>, url)</span></span><span class="symbol">:</span></span><br><span class="line">        extension = url.split(<span class="string">'.'</span>)[-<span class="number">1</span>]</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> extension</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>粘贴到你的 PySpider 中运行吧～ 其中有一些知识点，我会在后面作详细的用法总结。大家可以先体会一下代码。 <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-1@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-1@2x-1024x418.png" alt="QQ20160326-1@2x"></a> 保存之后，点击下方的 run，你会发现，海量的 MM 图片已经涌入你的电脑啦～ <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-2@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-2@2x-1024x831.png" alt="QQ20160326-2@2x"></a> <a href="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-3@2x.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="http://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/QQ20160326-3@2x-1024x831.png" alt="QQ20160326-3@2x"></a> 需要解释？需要我也不解释！</p>
                <h2 id="项目代码"><a href="#项目代码" class="headerlink" title="项目代码"></a>项目代码</h2>
                <p> <a href="https://github.com/cqcre/TaobaoMM" target="_blank" rel="noopener">TaobaoMM - GitHub</a></p>
                <h2 id="尚方宝剑"><a href="#尚方宝剑" class="headerlink" title="尚方宝剑"></a>尚方宝剑</h2>
                <p>如果想了解 PySpider 的更多内容，可以查看官方文档。 <a href="http://docs.pyspider.org/en/latest/Quickstart/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官方文档</a></p>
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                  <li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#审时度势"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">审时度势</span></a></li>
                  <li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#招兵买马"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">招兵买马</span></a></li>
                  <li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#鸿鹄之志"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">鸿鹄之志</span></a></li>
                  <li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#审时度势-1"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">审时度势</span></a></li>
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                  <li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#一触即发"><span class="nav-number">6.</span> <span class="nav-text">一触即发</span></a></li>
                  <li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#乘胜追击"><span class="nav-number">7.</span> <span class="nav-text">乘胜追击</span></a></li>
                  <li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#如火如荼"><span class="nav-number">8.</span> <span class="nav-text">如火如荼</span></a></li>
                  <li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#胜利在望"><span class="nav-number">9.</span> <span class="nav-text">胜利在望</span></a></li>
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